Citizenship


 CITIZENSHIP 

*Part 2 in Indian Constitution 

*Article 5 to 11 

*Article 5 -Person who domicle in India ,if he fulfilled one of three condition 1)born in India 2)either of his parents born in India 3)ordinarily resident in india for 5years immediately before the commencement of Constitution 

*Article 6 -Migrated from Pakistan to India grandparents born in undivided India and he migrated to India before July 19,1948 or he migrated to India before July 19,1948(residence for 6 months before registration)

*Article 7-Migrated to Pakistan from India after March 1,1947 returned to India for resettlement 

*Article 8-overseas indians 

*Article 10-Rights of Citizenship 

*Article 11-Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law 

CITIZENSHIP ACT 1955 

*Citizenship act commenced in 1955 and it amended 9 times till 2019 

*1957,1960,1985,1986,1992,2003,2005,2015,2019 

*2019 amendment was passed on 11 December 2019-It provided citizenship for minorities coming from Afghanistan,Bangladesh and Pakistan who are Hindus,Sikhs,Jains,Buddhist,Parsis,Jews and Christians who arrived India before December 2014 

ACQUISATION OF CITIZENSHIP 

*By Birth-Born in India on or after 26 January 1950 but before July 1987 irrespective of the nationality of parents,After July 1987 either of parents are indians ,After 3 December 2004 if spouse alien country he/she should not be enemy country 

*By Decent-26 January 1950 to December 10 1992 if father is citizen of India ,10 December 1992 either of parents are citizens of india ,After 3 December 2004 with conditions he/she should register within one years 

*By Registration-Till 2019 7 years after 2019 5 years 

*By Naturalization 

*By Incorporation of territory 

LOSS OF CITIZENSHIP 

*By Renunciation 

*By Termination 

*By Deprivation 

NON RESIDENT INDIANS (NRI) 

*Person holding Indian Passport and working or studying outside India 

*No visa required to visit India 

*All benefits available to indians will available to them also 

PERSONS OF INDIAN ORIGIN(PIO) 

*Person holding foreign passport and any of their ancestors was indian national 

*No benefits 

*Activity as per Visa  

OVERSEAS CITIZEN OF INDIA(OCI) 

*Person registered as OCI cardholder under Citizenship Act 1955 

*Multiple lifelong visa for any purpose 

*But requires special permission to do research 

*Exemption from registration with Foreigners Regional Registration Officer (FRRO) 

*Parity with NRI in all facilities except Acquisation of agricultural or plantation properties 

*Treated like NRI in intercountry adoption of Indian children 

*Treated like indian citizen in tariffs of air fares in domestic flights  

RIGHTS ONLY TO CITIZENS 

*Article 15 

*Article 16 

*Article 19 

*Article 29 and 30 

*Right to vote in elections 

*Right to contest in elections 

*To apply for Government service 

*Eligibility to hold certain public offices 

RIGHTS TO ALIENS 

*All rights except article 15,16,19,29 and 30 

*Enemy aliens do not enjoy protection against arrest and detention 


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