Making of Indian Constitution

 COMPANY RULE (1773-1858)


REGULATING ACT 1773 

*Designate Governor of Bengal as Governor General of Bengal 

*Executive committee 4 members to assist him 

*Governor of Bombay and Madras are subordinate to him 

*Supreme court at calcutta 1774(1+3 Judges)(Elija imphae first Chief Justice) 

*Court of Director (To Report revenue,civil and military affairs) 


CHARTER ACT 1833 

*Governor General of Bengal as Governor General of India 

*Governor of Bombay and Madras with Legislative powers 

*Ended activities of company as commercial bodies now it is purely administrative bodies 

*Open competition to select civil servants 


CHARTER ACT 1853 

*Legislative and executive function of governor General council separated 

*Indian also apply for open competition to select civil servants(Satyendranath Tagore brother of Rabindranath Tagore was the first person india to clear public service commission) 


CROWN RULE(1858-1947) 


GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1858 

 *Viceroy replaced Governor General of India 

*New post Secretary of State created 15 member council assisted him 

*Ended dual government abolished Board of control and court of Director 

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1909 

*Morley -Secretary and Mintoy -Viceroy 

*To ask supplementary question in assembly is allowed 

*Indians in executive council (Satyendra Prasad sinha first indian to join) 

*Communal representation for muslim 

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1919 

*Chelmsford-Secretary and Montague-Viceroy 

*It seperates Central and Provincial Subjects 

*Transfered and reserved subjects,Dyarchy at centre, Bicameralism 

*3 of 6 members should be Indian 

*Communal representation extends to sikh, christian,anglo indian 

*Central public service commission 

*Budget 

*Appointment of Statutory commission (Simon Commission)

 

Simon commission-Nov 1927 7 Members Commission.Indians boycotted this Commission-Report submit on 1930.It recommend abolition of Dyarchy, continuation of communal electorate. 

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1935 

*Federal list , Provincial list, Concurrent list 

*Residuary powers given to viceroy 

*Abolished Dyarchy and introduced Provincial Autonomy 

*Bicameralism in 6/11 provinces 

*Seperates electorate for depressed class,women and labour 

*Extended franchise 10% of total population got voting right 

*Establishment of RBI 

*Federal public service commission, Provincial public service commission,Joint public service commission 

Federal court 1937 

INDIAN INDEPENDENCE ACT 1947 

*Also called Mountbatten Plan 

*By British PM Clement Atlee 

*Declared British rule would end in June 30 1948 accepted by INC and Muslim League 

*India sovereign state from Aug 15 1947 

*Partition of India 2 independent dominions India and Pakistan 

*Abolished office of Viceroy and designate Governor General of India 

*Empowered Constitutional assemblies for 2 dimensions  

*Abolished Secretary of State for India and transferred to Secretary of State for Commonwealth affairs 



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